Knee neurovascular evaluation.

Pain in the knee joint may be caused by several factors. One of them, is refereed pain form the lumbar spine, thus differentiation is crucial. In this video, Dr Mark Hutchinson presents neurovascular examination of the knee joint when there is suspicion of lumbar spine involvement.

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ACL case examination.

'Shin splints' - Medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS)

Medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS), commonly called ‘shin splints’, constitutes great number of overuse injuries seen in endurance sports, especially those involving long – distance running. It is one of the most common causes of exercise-induced leg pain. The post will cover current concepts in regards to the causes, history, risk factors, diagnosis and treatment of the MTSS.

Eccentric training for patellar tendinopathy: know how.

Here is the video presenting how to perform the decline board squat which represents most commonly used form of eccentric exercise for jumper’s knee. Eccentric training has been advocated by research findings to be most effective tool against patellar tendinopathy. Authors of the video, suggest performing the exercise three times daily, 15 reps each time. It would be advisable to add that most of the literature suggests continuing the training for the period of at least six weeks combined with relative rest and activity modifications. Finally little discomfort can be acceptable during the exercise.
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Jumper's knee by M.D.

Nice video by Nabil Ebraheim, M.D, summarizing everything you want to know about patellar tendinopathy, so called “Jumper’s knee”. It addresses key issues in regards to anatomy, biomechanics, causes, epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of the Jumper’s knee.

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Patellar tendinopathy (Jumper's knee).

Patellar tendinopathy, often reffered as the “jumper’s knee”, is a common knee overuse injury. Usually, affects athletes who jump frequently (volleyball, basketball), however is also very common in endurance athletes (triathletes, cyclists). The patellar tendon is the central portion of the common tendon of the quadriceps femoris, which is continued from the patella to the tibial tuberosity. As the quadriceps muscle directly controls its function and its macroscopic or microscopic appearance is similar to tendinous tissue, the term ‘patellar ligament’, should be avoided. The post will cover current concepts in regards to the causes, history, risk factors, diagnosis and treatment of the “Jumper’s knee”.

Iliotibial Band Syndrome (ITBS).

Iliotibial Band Syndrome (ITBS), often called iliotibial band friction syndrome, is another common knee condition seen in endurance athletes (runners, triathletes, cyclists). The incidence is reported to be as high as 12% of all running-related, overuse injuries. Iliotibial band (ITB) is a sheet of connective tissue originating at the iliac crest and terminating at Gerdy’s tubercle and the fibular head. The post will cover current concepts in regards to the causes, history, risk factors, diagnosis and treatment of the ITBS.

"Runner's knee" (PFPS) in runners by D.O.

Dr. Jeff Anthony from Alvarado Hospital, discusses basic issues in regards to the diagnosis and treatment of the patellofemoral pain syndrome, so called “runner’s knee” which is estimated by some authors, to be the most common overuse injury suffered by the runners.
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This month, following posts will further focus on this common problem and will cover topics related to the risk factors and rehab.

Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS): "Runners knee".

Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS), often referred to as “runner’s knee”, is one of the most common knee conditions in endurance sports, especially those requiring running activity. It is a general descriptor for anterior knee pain related to a spectrum of patellofemoral joint disorders. The post will cover current concepts in regards to the causes, history, risk factors, diagnosis and treatment of the PFPS.

Knee examination: Inspection in standing.

Dr. Mark Hutchinson discusses and presents basic principles in regards to knee inspection in standing.
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Meniscal examination: palpation & bounce home test.

Dr Mark Hutchinson is presenting how to palpate meniscus and how to perform bounce home test. These tests are used to evaluate individuals for tears in the meniscus of the knee.
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Dr. Howard Luks on ACL tears in children.

In regards to recent post concerning issues related to the pediatric acl rupture, this time video presenting practical view by the ortopaedic surgeon, Dr. Howard Luks.
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Meniscal examination: McMurray test.

Dr Mark Hutchinson is presenting how to perform the McMurray test. The test is used to evaluate individuals for tears in the meniscus of the knee and along with the Apley's test, seems to be most commonly used in the clinical settings. Recent research findings suggest moderate sensitivity and high specificity of the test.
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Meniscal examination: Apley's Test.

Dr Mark Hutchinson is presenting how to perform the Apley's test. The Apley's test is an orthopedic test used for examining both meniscus in the knee for patients where there is a suspicion of a meniscal lesion.
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ACL examination: Lachman Test.

Dr Mark Hutchinson is presenting how to perform the Lachman test. The Lachman test is an orthopedic test used for examining the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in the knee for patients where there is a suspicion of a torn ACL. The Lachman test is recognized by most authorities as the most reliable and sensitive clinical test for the determination of anterior cruciate ligament integrity, superior to the anterior drawer test commonly used in the past. 
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ACL examination: Pivot Shift Test.

Dr Mark Hutchinson is presenting how to perform the Pivot - Shift test. The Pivot - Shift test is an orthopedic test used for examining the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in the knee for patients where there is a suspicion of a torn ACL. Along with the Lachman test, the pivot shift test has been reported in the literatureto have high sensitivity and specificity in ACL tear examination. The pivot shift is able to assess the rotatory component of knee laxity and appears to have the potential to become a benchmark in gauging the success of ACL surgery. 
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